Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) is a highly inflammatory cytokine with an important role in coordinating the inflammatory response seen in the axial skeleton of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Two biologic inhibitors of this cytokine, etanercept (Enbrel) and infliximab (Remicade), have been shown to be effective at reducing the subjective symptoms and reducing the systemic inflammatory response in AS in randomized clinical trials.
Celecoxib Effective at Reducing Recurrent Colonic Adenomatous Polyps, but May Increase Cardiovascular Risk
In addition to analgesic effects, animal studies have shown that inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is chemoprotective against colonic adenomas. In humans, the use of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (Celebrex) has demonstrated anti-tumor activity in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, a condition characterized by numerous colonic adenomas that often lead to frank colon cancer early in life.
Temporal Trends in the Maintenance of Bone Health among Chronic Glucocorticoid Users Improving, but Fall Short of Recommendations
The association of glucocorticoid use, low bone mineral density (BMD), and osteoporotic fracture is well established. However, the use of bone-protective measures for users of glucocorticoids has traditionally been sub-optimal. The 1996 American College of Rheumatology Guidelines recommend routine BMD testing and liberal use of anti-osteoporosis medications in chronic glucocorticoid users, yet the effectiveness of these recommendations in clinical practice have not been systematically evaluated.
Ratio of serum Osteoprotegerin and RANKL predicts radiographic progression in RA
The molecular mechanisms leading to erosive joint damage in some, but not all, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are incompletely understood. Downstream effects of inflammatory cytokines produced by rheumatoid synovium include the induction of RANKL, a powerful osteoclast activator, the action of which is physiologically opposed by its naturally occurring antagonist osteoprotegerin (OPG).
Enbrel and Humira Now Have Automated Delivery System
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Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Lupus
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